According to NASA observation data, the current global greenhouse gas concentration has increased by 1.2C compared with the 19th century, and the CO2 concentration has risen by 47% in the past 170 years. This rapid change has greatly shortened the adaptation time of species and ecosystems, resulting in global warming, rising sea levels, reduced crop yields, and increased human cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. In this context, the goal of “carbon neutrality”, which represents sustainable development, is proposed, that is, the pursuit of net zero emissions and the decoupling of economic growth and resource consumption.
Currently, about 73% of global carbon emissions come from the energy sector. In 2019, global energy-related CO2 emissions were about 33 billion tons, of which developed economies accounted for about one-third. By 2020, 54 countries have peaked their carbon emissions, accounting for 40% of the world’s total.
In the past decade, China’s carbon dioxide emissions have always ranked first in the world. In 2020, China emitted nearly 9.9 billion tons of carbon dioxide, accounting for 30.66% of global emissions. By 2030, China’s total carbon emissions are expected to further rise to the peak level of 10.4-11 billion tons. From the perspective of carbon emission structure, the carbon emissions of China’s power and heat sector and industrial sector far exceed the global level. Reducing the absolute amount of emissions and adjusting the energy use structure is a major challenge for China to achieve carbon neutrality.
The energy resource characteristics of “rich coal, little gas and lack of oil” determine that China’s energy structure is dominated by coal, and coal is the primary energy source with the largest emission factor. The coal-dominated energy structure is an important reason for China’s high carbon emission intensity. The adjustment of energy structure while economic growth will be an important hurdle for China to achieve the goal of “carbon neutrality” in the future.
We will continue to develop energy saving and recycling technologies.
Upgrade existing energy-saving technologies and equipment to continuously tap energy saving potential and improve energy efficiency; Promote the green transformation of basic materials such as steel and cement; We will focus on promoting and popularizing process innovation technologies such as electric energy replacement, hydrogen-based industry, and biofuels.
Focus on the breakthrough of zero-carbon technology in the energy supply side, gradually change to the “fossil energy” based supply structure, build water, wind, light and other resources utilization – renewable power generation – terminal energy optimization and matching technology system, the development of large-scale use of renewable energy related technologies.
Promote the development of coupled integration and optimization technologies to assess the development process of decarbonization, zero carbon and negative emission technologies in a timely manner, promote the integration and coupling of different technology units, and maximize the emission reduction potential of the corresponding technologies; Integrate artificial intelligence, Internet, information communication and other system optimization technologies, and carry out engineering demonstrations of technology integration and optimization.
Post time: Jan-11-2024